Tyumen agrarians atangotolera ndikuyika m'masitolo ogulitsa masamba atsopano, ndi labotale yazikhalidwe za meristem (meristem ndi minofu yazomera yomwe kwa nthawi yayitali imatha kugawa ndikupanga maselo atsopano) a malo osankhidwa komanso kupanga mbewu ku State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals, ayamba kale kukonzekera zinthu zobzala zopanda kachilomboka mchaka cha 2021.
Tsiku lina, director of the center, Candidate of Agricultural Science, Alexander Kharalgin, adabweretsa kuchokera ku dera la Moscow kupita ku Tyumen 100 machubu oyesera okhala ndi mizere 11 ndi 34 - awa ndi mitundu iwiri yamtsogolo yamitundu yosankhidwa ndi mayina ogwira ntchito Nadezhda ndi Kuznetsovsky. Pakuwongolera kwawo pamayeso omaliza omaliza, akatswiri ochokera ku A.G. Lorkha.
Tsopano mutu wa labotale Olga Malchikhina ndi wothandizira wa labotale Elzana Yarova azichita nawo ntchito zodula ndikukula pazomera zazakudya. Zikafika pamlingo wokwanira, zomerazo zimayikidwa m'malo opangira ma aeroponic. Kukolola kwama 500 mini-nodule akuyembekezeredwa pano ndi Chaka Chatsopano. Mpaka masika, mbatata yaying'ono "ipumula" m'makontena okhala ndi mchenga wa calcined kutentha kwa + 4 madigiri ndi mawonekedwe apadera opumira, ndipo mu Meyi apita kumalo oyesera a kuyunivesite. Malinga ndi dongosololi, mbeu yotsatira idzatumizidwa kukayezetsa zigawo zaulimi za 10, ndiye kuti, kuwonjezera pa Tyumen, ku Tomsk, Omsk, Krasnoyarsk, ndi Altai. Pakadali pano, Kharalgin amakhulupirira kuti GAU yaku Northern Trans-Urals ilandila chilolezo ndikubwezeretsanso mphotho pamasewera osankhidwa. Pafupifupi zaka zinayi, asayansi akufuna kulandira matani 16 a mbatata zapamwamba, kenako ndikulowa m'minda yambewu.
Wogulitsa ndalama ndi yunivesite amayika nawo ntchitoyi osachepera 50% ya ndalamazo, zina zonse zimathandizidwa ndi bajeti yaboma
Mwambiri, ulendo wochokera ku chomera choyambirira cha mbatata mu vitro kupita ku mafakitole wopanda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso wopanda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda umatenga zaka zisanu. Pakatikati mwa Kharalgin, pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo waukadaulo, akulonjeza kufupikitsa njirayi chaka chimodzi ndikupeza ma minitubers osasiya wowonjezera kutentha kapena kumunda. Izi zikhala zotheka chifukwa chotenga nawo gawo pulojekiti yovuta kwambiri ya sayansi ndi ukadaulo (KNTP) "Kusankha, kupanga mbewu ndikukonzekera mitundu yampikisano ya mbatata mdera la Tyumen" mogwirizana ndi pulogalamu yaboma yopanga ulimi wa 2017-2025. Izi, zoyambitsidwa ndi Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, tsopano zikugwiritsa ntchito mabungwe 25 mdziko lonseli: akubweretsa osati mbatata zatsopano zokha, komanso beets shuga, tirigu ndi mbewu zamakampani. Makasitomala a KNTP anali kampani yodziwika bwino yaulimi ochokera kudera la Uporovskiy m'chigawo cha Tyumen. Wogulitsa ndalama ndi yunivesite amayika nawo ntchitoyi osachepera 50% ya ndalamazo, zotsalazo zimathandizidwa ndi bajeti yaboma. Ndalamayi ndi yopindulitsa: makampani omwe agula zinthu zaposachedwa azibweza mpaka 70 peresenti ya ndalama zawo.
- Tsopano pa ziwerengero za ku Russia za 80% zamitundu yonse yamasamba osankhidwa akunja, chifukwa chake tikugwira ntchito yofananira yolowetsa m'malo ndi chakudya, - atero a Alexander Kharalgin, akuyitanira kukawona labotale yazikhalidwe zazikhalidwe.
Alendo amangololedwa kulowa m'malo omwe amatchedwa olandirira alendo. Ophunzira omwe ali ndi makalasi a biotechnology pano nawonso amaloledwa kulowa mchipinda chotsuka ndi kulemera - kukonzekera zothetsera michere, kutsuka mbale ndikuyika zida m'malo awo. Koma mu nkhonya Olga Malchikhina ndi Elzana Yarova ndiye omwe akutsogolera. Apa, monga pakuchitira opareshoni: mikanjo, zipewa, masks, magolovesi, mankhwala ophera tizilombo ...
Mutu wa malowa akufotokozera chifukwa chake mitundu yakunja yomwe idabwera kwa ife kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 90 ikugwiritsabe ntchito malo awo: nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ndi kugulitsa, ndipo ndikosavuta kuti wogula asankhe, osati ndi malingaliro ake, koma ndi maso ake, mbewu yokongola yakunyanja m'malo mderalo, osawala sera.
"Sitidalira mawonekedwe, koma kulawa," wasayansi akufotokoza ndikutchula chitsanzo cha Kuznetsovsky zosiyanasiyana, zopangidwa ndi Yuri Loginov pamaziko a mitundu yakuthengo. Mbatata, yotchedwa scout yodziwika bwino yomwe idaphunzira kale ku department ya agronomic ya Tyumen Agricultural technical School, imadziwika ndi kukoma kwake (zinayi pamiyeso isanu ya mulingo waboma woyesedwa mosiyanasiyana) ndipo siimada pambuyo poyeretsa , yonse yaiwisi ndi yophika. Anasinthiranso msanga mikhalidwe yaku Siberia ndipo amapereka zokolola zambiri nthawi ya chilala komanso nthawi yamvula.
Mwa njira, matekinoloje omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nzika za Tyumen ali oyenera osati mbatata zokha. Popeza taphunzira za labotale ku Tyumen, komwe mbewu zimakulira m'machubu zoyesera, nthumwi za zipatso za zipatso zidatembenukira kuno, ndikulota zokhala ndi masamba obiriwira a strawberries. Ndipo ku Kazakhstan, mitengo yobzala ya apulo ndi popula yochiritsidwa imapezeka ku meristem.
Pakadali pano
M'dera la Tyumen, dera laulimi wowopsa, mbatata zimapangidwa ndi mabizinesi 97 aulimi. Zokolola zazikuluzikulu pachaka zamafakitchini ndizoposa matani 200 zikwi. M'derali, zikuluzikulu 130-135 zikugulitsidwa, zina zonse zimatumizidwa ku Yamal, Ugra, Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk zigawo, zimatumizidwa ku Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan ndi Uzbekistan.
Lemba: Irina Nikitina