Pofika nthawi yomaliza magaziniyi (Meyi 2019), kubzala mbatata ku Russia kunali kupitilizabe, ndipo Unduna Zaulimi ku Russian Federation zidaneneratu kuti pansi pa mbatata Mahekita 320 adzagawidwa pantchito za mafakitale mdziko muno - ndiye kuti, mahekitala 15 ochulukirapo kuposa mu 2018.
Alexey Krasilnikov, Executive Director wa Potato Union ya Russia
Pakutha kwa Juni, mabungwe azaulimi ndi minda ya anthu wamba amaliza ntchito pamlingo wa mahekitala 302,2, ndikuchepetsa malowa (poyerekeza ndi zomwe zidachitika chaka chatha) ndi 1,7%. Ndipo zotsatirazi zitha kuonedwa ngati zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chachikulu chakuchepa kwachikhalidwe ndi kuchepa kwa phindu pakupanga, komwe kwadziwika m'zaka zapitazi. Kuphatikiza apo, njira zamakono zamagetsi sizinyalanyazidwa. Kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti, Rosstat adasindikiza zomwe malinga ndi zaka 30 zapitazi ku Russia, kumwa mbatata kwa munthu pafupifupi pafupifupi theka - kuyambira 117 mpaka 59 kg pachaka.
KULIMA
Kukonza chaka chino kunayamba kale pang'ono kuposa masiku onse (sabata limodzi kapena awiri kutengera dera). Koma pofika zaka khumi zitatu za Ogasiti, ntchito m'minda ikupitabe patsogolo. Mkhalidwe wa nyengo umasintha tsiku ndi tsiku, motsatana, m'malo ena njirayi ikuwonjezeka, pomwe ina imachedwetsa, chifukwa chake magwiridwe antchito a Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation amapereka chithunzi chotsutsana: m'masiku ena kuchuluka kwa chaka chino ndikokwera kuposa chaka chatha, kwa ena ndi mosemphanitsa. Pakadali pano, zokolola zokha ndizomwe zimawonetsa kukhazikika: pomwe zili pansi pazotsatira zofananira za 2018.
Kuyambira pa Ogasiti 21, zitha kunenedwa kuti mbatata m'mabizinesi azolimo ndi minda ya alimi (olima) adakumbidwa kuchokera kudera la mahekitala 27,2 kapena 9% yamalo obzala (mu 2018 - mahekitala zikwi 20,8), 680,6 zikwi matani (mu 2018 - 537,6 zikwi matani) zokolola za 249,9 c / ha (mu 2018 - 257,8 c / ha).
Mwambiri, ngati titha kusanthula zonse zakukolola kuchokera kumadera osiyanasiyana, titha kunena kuti zokolola mdziko muno ndizabwino komanso zabwino. Koma zambiri, zimadalira kukolola - malinga ndi momwe zidzachitikira. Pakadali pano, sangatchulidwe kuti ndi abwino. Mvula inagwa m'zigawo zingapo zapakati, zomwe, zimatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamitundu ya mbatata mochedwa powonjezerapo misika yogulitsa, koma zikuwoneka kuti chithandizo chamankhwala chowonjezera chazomera chidzafunika. Zinthu zovuta kwambiri zikuchitika ku Middle and Southern Volga. M'madera a Volgograd ndi Samara, masana kutentha kumafika + 40 ° С, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kutentha panthaka kudzakhala pa + 50-60 ° С. Ndizosatheka kukolola mbatata munthawi zotere, kudalira kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali.
PRICES
Monga lamulo, pachaka sabata lachiwiri kapena lachitatu la Ogasiti limakhala nthawi yotsika kwambiri pamitengo ya mbatata. Mafamu amagulitsa zinthu zotsika mtengo kuchokera kuminda pamtengo wotsika, zomwe sizoyenera kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali.
Malinga ndi kuwunika kwa kayendetsedwe, mtengo wa mbatata za tebulo kumadera osiyanasiyana ku Russia tsopano (pa Ogasiti 20 - kuchokera ku ed.) Zosunthika kuyambira 8 mpaka 12 ma ruble / kg, ndipo ziwerengero za penny-kopek zimagwirizana ndi mitengo yanthawi yomweyo mu 2018. Izi zikusonyeza kuti msika ukukula monga momwe zikuwonekera chaka chathachi.
ZOCHITITSA PANOPA NDIPO MALO OGULITSA
Nyengo ino imadziwika ndikuchepa kwakuthwa kwa kuchuluka kwa zokolola za mbatata ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuwonjezeka kowonekera kwamitengo yazogulitsa ku Ukraine. Izi zimasokoneza kuchuluka kwa anthu mdzikolo, nkhawa boma, koma kwa omwe amalima mbatata ku Ukraine atha kukhala ndi tanthauzo labwino: omwe amapanga zaulimi apanga phindu, makampani angakope ndalama zina. Koma kunena kuti vuto la mbatata m'dziko loyandikana nalo lingakhudze msika waku Russia pakadali pano sikofunikira. Ngakhale kudutsana kosawonekera kwa zokonda ndikotheka. Pakatikati mwa Ogasiti, Republic of Belarus idayamba kutumiza mbatata ku Ukraine, chifukwa chake titha kuganiza kuti zinthu zaku Belarusian chaka chino zipikisana pang'ono ndi zi Russia.
Timalandilanso zokhudzana ndi chilala ku Europe. Chaka chino, idakhudza Germany kwakukulu (kuchokera pakati pa mayiko omwe amagwira ntchito yolima mbewu ndi mbatata za matebulo). Malinga ndi malipoti a media, ngati mchaka cha 2018 alimi a mbatata aku Germany atakolola chotsika kwambiri cha matani 28 miliyoni m'zaka 8,7, ndiye kuti nyengoyi ikhoza kugwera mpaka eyiti, mwina mwina matani 7,5 miliyoni.
Kuyesa mozama momwe zinthu zikuyendera, titha kunena kuti chaka chatha chilala cha ku Europe chidakhudza alimi athu a mbatata pamlingo wina: mitengo ya mbatata ya mbewu yamakampani amodzi idakwera, ndipo kutumizidwa kwina sikunakwaniritsidwe. Ngakhale, titapatsidwa kuti dziko lathu lidayitanitsa matani zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri zokha a mbatata chaka chimodzi, sizoyenera kukokomeza kukula kwake. Kuchepetsa kupezeka kwa mbatata zoyambirira kuchokera ku Egypt kudawonekera kwambiri pamsika (zambiri mwazinthuzi zidathandizira kuthetsa kuchepa ku Europe). Zowona, kuchepetsedwa kumeneku sikunapangitse kukulira kwa kufunikira kwa zinthu zapakhomo, kapena kukulitsa mitengo yake. Komabe, tikuyembekeza kuti nyengo ino kuyenda kwakukulu kwa mbatata zaku Aigupto kudzadutsa pamsika waku Russia, pali zofunika kuchita izi.
Ngati tibwerera kumalo opwetekedwa mtima, ndiye kuti choyenera kukambirana za madera a Siberia ndi Far East omwe akhudzidwa ndi moto ndi kusefukira kwa madzi. Zokolola m'maderawa adamwalira, anthu amafunikira masamba ndi mbatata. Kutuluka kwa zinthu zaulimi ku Central Russia zitha kufotokozedwa pano, koma pakadali panobe kupitabe kwa lingaliro lotereku sikukayikiridwa. Kumbukirani kuti zaka zingapo zapitazo boma ladzidzidzi lidayambitsidwa ku Far East, koma pomwepo, adapatsidwa zovuta zonse (nyengo yovuta, nyengo yayitali yotumizira katundu, kusowa kwamagalimoto ofunikira kuchokera ku Russian Railways), boma la zigawo lidakonda kugula mbatata ku China.
Chaka chino, Russia idakhazikitsa malamulo otengera zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kudutsa malire. Ndizotheka kuti tsopano sizingatheke kuthetsa vutoli m'njira yotsimikiziridwa. Koma ngakhale kulinganiza zoperekera ku Russia konse kumafunikira kuyesetsa kwakukulu.
KUSINTHA
Kumbali iyi, mu 2019, tiona kusintha kosangalatsa. Chomera chopanga batala ku France ku Lipetsk chimayamba kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, pa Tsiku Lonse la Russia la Munda wa Mbatata, womwe unachitikira ku Vladikavkaz, nthumwi za kampaniyo zati pakadali pano oyang'anira akuganizira za kumanga mzere wachiwiri wa chomeracho. Tsopano zopangidwa ndi kampaniyo zimaperekedwa ku Russia ndi mayiko akunja. Ndipo malinga ndi Rosstat, kuchuluka kwa zosewerera zamayiko akunja kudziko lathu chaka chatha kwadutsa theka. Kutsegulidwa kwa makina atsopano osinthira akuyembekezeranso.
Zomwe zikuchitika mtsogolomo, ndikuganiza, ziziwonekeranso ndikuchepetsa kwina kwa kugulitsa kwa ma batala aku France, kuwonjezeka kwamakonzedwe ndikuwonjezera kuthekera kwa katundu wogulitsidwa kunja. Ndi kwaopanga zaulimi - kuonjezera kufunikira kwa zopangira zoyenera kupanga batala ndi tchipisi. Mwatsoka, awa makamaka kunja mitundu ya mbatata. Tiyenera kuvomereza kuti pakadali pano Russia ikadali yodalira kusankha kosankhidwa ndi mbewu kuti zitsogolere mitundu kuti ikonzeke, ndipo dzikolo silingathe kuzichotsa kwanthawi yayitali.
ZOPHUNZITSA ZOPHUNZITSA MU ZIDA ZAMAKULA
Ubwino wa mbatata yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi minda yaku Russia pobzala, mwatsoka, imakhala yotsika chaka ndi chaka. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa mbewu (matani 800-900 zikwi), 33% ndizosiyanasiyana. 14% yokha ndi yomwe imatsimikiziridwa ndi Russian Agricultural Center. Msika wambewu mdziko muno umakhalabe wotuwa, zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa zokolola.
Kufikira pamlingo winawake, Federal State Information System pankhani yazopanga mbewu zaulimi (FSIS "Production Production"), yopangidwa ndi Unduna wa Zaulimi, akuyitanidwa kuti athetse vutoli.
Kugwiritsa ntchito, ochita malonda pamsika azitha nthawi yomweyo (kuphatikiza pa telefoni) kulandira zofunikira zonse za mtundu uliwonse wa njere. Mu Ogasiti, gawo lachiwiri la mapangidwe a dongosololi lamalizidwa: akatswiri mumayeso oyesera adayamba kukhazikitsa deta pazitupa zoperekedwa ndi Rosselkhoztsentr ndi Rosselkhoznadzor.
Kuyambira chiyambi cha 2020, ziyenera kuchita bwino kwambiri.
Chovuta chachikulu chomwe chikulepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwadongosolo pakadali pano ndi njira yosakwanira yomwe imalola kuti mabizinesi azamalonda agulitsire zidziwitso zonse zobwera kapena zogulitsa za mbatata zambewu. Koma, ndikuganiza, posachedwa zidzagamulidwa kuti mitundu yonse ya chithandizo (kuphatikiza ma subsidies, ngongole zofewa, ndi zina) idzapezeka kwa okhawo omwe amalima zaulimi omwe amalumikizana ndi dongosololi.