Ludmila Dulskaya
Kubzala kukuyandikira, ndipo mafamu ali okonzeka kumenya nkhondo. Kodi alimi a mbatata amalonjera bwanji nyengoyi? Kodi munagula zida zodzitetezera ndi feteleza zofunika? Kodi zinthu zikuyenda bwanji ndi zida zosinthira? Mawu kwa alimi.
SERGEY Biketov, katswiri wazachuma wa ZAO OKTYABRSKOE, dera la Leningrad
400 ha pansi pa mbatata
- CJSC "Oktyabrskoe" ndi amodzi mwamafamu akale kwambiri m'chigawo cha Leningrad, akhala akupanga mbewu za mbatata kwazaka zopitilira zana. Laborator yathu imapanga mbewu zamitundu pafupifupi 40 za mbatata zakunyumba ndi zakunja. Timalimanso mbewu ndi rapeseed.
Chaka chino tikubzala mitundu ya mbatata (Impala, Red Scarlett, Riviera ndi Sante) ndi zoweta (Udacha ndi Aurora). Chaka chatha tinali ndi mahekitala 380 pansi pa mbatata, chaka chino tikuchulukitsa malo ndi mahekitala 20.
Pali zovuta ndiukadaulo. Tidalipira kuti tipeze makina opopera odziyendetsa okha ndi mathirakitala ochokera kunja, koma wogulitsa adabweza ndalamazo ndipo sipadzakhala zotumiza posachedwa. Chabwino, tisinthira ku mathirakitala opangidwa kunyumba - RSM Rostselmash. Palibe zosankha.
Pankhani ya feteleza, zida zodzitetezera komanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo, tili ndi zonse zokonzekera nyengo yoyambira. Makontrakitala adamalizidwa chaka chatsopano chisanafike. Mitengo si yoyipa. Mwachitsanzo, tinawerengeranso mtengo wa urea kutsika ngakhale titalipira kale. Zomwe zatsala ndikugula feteleza wowonjezera wamchere, ndipo popeza mbewu yopangira kwawo ili pafupi, ku Veliky Novgorod, sipadzakhala zovuta.
Pali kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo a Diquat. Mankhwala ntchito desiccate mbatata nsonga pamaso kukolola, pang`ono kuwononga namsongole, ndi pa rapeseed ndi mbewu, mu zikhalidwe za kumpoto chakumadzulo dera, kuti ziume poto ndi khutu. Tinakwanitsa kugula mbatata, koma mwina tilibe zokwanira ku rapeseed. M'dera lathu, mvula yamkuntho imatha kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo sizingatheke kuti titha kuchita popanda kuumitsa mbewu ndi rapeseed.
Chaka chino aliyense adzabzala mbatata. Anthu amawopa mavuto, choncho akukonzekera kulima udzu paminda yawo ndikubzala mbatata. Alimi adagula mbewu zathu za m'badwo woyamba m'masiku ndi theka.
Chovuta chachikulu ndi chakuti m'madera a Leningrad munali matalala mpaka pakati pa April. Nyengo yofesa yasintha, ndipo sizikudziwika kuti idzayamba liti.
Maxim Dmitriev, Katswiri wazachuma Geletey Ivan Ivanovich, dera la Novgorod
140 ha pansi pa mbatata
- Nyengo ino KH Geletey I.I. sichichulukitsa madera ofesedwa. Timagawa mahekitala 140 a mbatata, mahekitala 20 a kabichi, mahekitala 16 a beets ndi mahekitala atatu a kaloti.
Tikamalankhula za mbatata, timakonda kwambiri mitundu yakunja yomwe imadziwika pamsika (Gala, Rosara, Impala, Colomba), koma chaka chilichonse timatenga mitundu iwiri kapena itatu yosankha kunyumba kuti tiyesere kuti tiwone momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zathu. dothi komanso nyengo yathu.
M'chigawo cha Novgorod, minda inayi ya anthu wamba, kuphatikiza famu yathu, ili ndi minda yambewu yomwe imadziwika kwambiri ndi kulima mbatata zambiri. Chifukwa chake, tilibe zovuta ndi zinthu zambewu: timalima mitundu yomwe ili yosangalatsa kwa ife kuchokera ku machubu oyesera.
Famu yathu idagula pafupifupi zinthu zonse zofunika zotetezera zomera ndi feteleza mu kugwa pamitengo yabwino kwambiri. Nyengo ino tigwiritsa ntchito zokonzekera zomwe tidakonza kuti tigwiritse ntchito kuchiza. Zovuta zidayamba ndi kupeza urea ndi feteleza wina. Vuto lalikulu tsopano ndikusintha kwa ma quotas. Tikufuna kugula feteleza, koma mwina kuderali kulibe magawo, kapena atha chifukwa chakusakwanira.
Mkhalidwe wa mankhwala oteteza zomera masiku ano ndi woti ngakhale famu ili ndi ndalama komanso chikhumbo chofuna kugwira ntchito ndi mankhwala enaake ochokera kunja, opanga sangatsimikizire kuti akupezeka; zinthu zambiri zikusoweka. Mafamu ena a anthu wamba m'dera lathu akukumana ndi zovuta pankhaniyi.
Mankhwala onse omwe timagwiritsa ntchito akwera mtengo ndi 50%, ena mowirikiza kawiri. Feteleza nawonso akwera mtengo. Tikadati tigule zida zodzitetezera ndi feteleza tsopano, ndalama zathu zikwera pafupifupi 60%.
N’chiyani chidzachitike m’tsogolo? Ndikuganiza kuti makampani aku Europe omwe amagulitsa zinthu zoteteza zomera adzataya utsogoleri wawo pamsika wathu chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa mankhwala ndi zovuta zogwirira ntchito ndi zinthu. Ngakhale kuti katundu wawo akusowa, alimi amafunika chinachake choti agwiritse ntchito. Mwachidziwikire, opanga zaulimi akuyenera kusintha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zofananira zokomera bajeti.
Ndipo mawu ochepa okhudza teknoloji. Mu chuma chathu, khama lalikulu likulunjika ku chitukuko, kulimbikitsa maziko a zinthu ndi luso, ndi zamakono zopanga. Pokonzekera nyengoyi, tidaitanitsa mathirakitala awiri opangidwa kumayiko akunja, ndikuwalipira, komabe sizikudziwika kuti tidzawalandira liti komanso ngati tidzawalandira.
Tsopano famu yathu ndiyokonzeka kugwira ntchito ndipo yapatsidwa zonse zofunika. Choyipa chachikulu chomwe timaopa ndi nyengo. Chilimwe chatha chinali chilala - bwanji ngati chikachitikanso? Sitidalira zolosera; tidzagwira ntchito zomwe zingachitike.
Kuchokera kwa mkonzi: Mu Epulo 2022, KH Geletey I.I. amakwanitsa zaka 30. Tikuthokoza mkulu wa famuyo, Ivan Ivanovich Geletey, ndi onse ogwira ntchito pakampaniyo pa tsiku lawo lokumbukira ndikuwafunira nyengo yabwino!
Alexander Torbunov, mtsogoleri wa famu ya Torbunov, Chuvash Republic
50 ha pansi pa mbatata
- Nyengo ino tikubzala mbatata zapa tebulo, mitundu ya Red Scarlett, Gala, Queen Anne, Colomba. Malowa sanachepe, adasiyidwa pamlingo womwewo.
Pali zovuta: mankhwala, zida, zida zosinthira - chilichonse chakwera mtengo pafupifupi 20-30%. Mitengo yathu pokonzekera nyengoyi yakwera mofananamo.
Chovuta chachikulu chomwe chili patsogolo ndi kutumiza zinthu. Mtengo woyikapo wakwera kawiri. Mwachitsanzo, mauna unit poyamba ankagula 6 rubles, mtengo watsopano ndi 11 rubles. Ndibwino kuti palibe vuto ndi mayendedwe - timagwira ntchito patokha, kufunikira kwa mbatata ndikokhazikika.
Yuri Subbotin, bizinesi yapafamu ya Subbotin Yuri Nikolaevich, dera la Kursk.
200 ha pansi pa mbatata
- Takhala tikupanga mbatata kwazaka zopitilira 20; timalimanso soya, tirigu, komanso tili ndi mapulani a mbewu zogwiririra ndi dzungu. Kwa zaka zambiri, famuyi yakhala yamakono ndipo matekinoloje atsopano adayambitsidwa (makamaka, kayendedwe kake). Tsoka ilo, chaka chino tikuchepetsa dera la mbatata ndi 40 peresenti.
Izi zili choncho, mwa zina, chifukwa nyengo ino sitinathe kuzindikira zolakwika pamzere wolongedza. Mbatata iyenera kupakidwa kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira zamalonda. Tidatumiza fomu yofunsira zida zopangira zida zomwe tidabwera nazo kunja mu Novembala, koma masiku obweretsera sanalengezedwe kwa ife. Pali kuthekera kwakukulu kuti sitingathe kuyambitsa zidazo pofika tsiku lofunikira. Tidzagwira ntchito pamanja, koma palibe antchito okwanira - famuyo ili m'malire.
Komanso kunyamula mbatata, muyenera ukonde. Tsopano tapatsidwa kugula phukusi la maukonde 2000 kwa 21 rubles. Mpaka Marichi 000, mtengo wake unali ma ruble 2022. Mtengo wawirikiza kawiri. Ndipo tifunikanso kugula zilembo ndi zomata ... Ngati mtengo wa kulongedza sikuchepa, tidzakakamizika kuyang'ana njira zina zothetsera mbatata ku maunyolo ogulitsa: mwinamwake tidzatumiza katunduyo m'mabokosi kapena matumba akuluakulu.
Ngakhale kuti ndi koyambirira kwambiri kuti tilankhule za kulongedza. Kubzala kuli patsogolo, chaka chino tapereka patsogolo mitundu ya mbatata yochokera kunja: izi Vega, Colomba, Bernina. Mwachikhalidwe tidzabzala ndi Galu - mu voliyumu yaying'ono, popeza ngati palibe chinyezi, sizimapereka zotsatira zomwe tikufuna, ndipo tilibe ulimi wothirira pafamu yathu. Koma timaona kuti mitundu iyi ndiyomwe imakonda kulawa masiku ano. Tikukonzekeranso kuyesa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ku Belarus - Breeze ndi Manifesto. Tiyeni tiwone momwe amachitira pa dothi lathu lolemera la Kursk. Ndikufuna kugwira ntchito ndi mitundu yaku Russia ngati ikukwaniritsa zofunikira pamsika wamakono.
Mavuto ambiri akuyembekezeredwa mu nyengo yatsopano.
Tili ndi machitidwe oyendetsa, koma chaka chino zidzakhala zovuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito - zizindikiro zatsekedwa. Zida zoyendera zimalola kubzala kolondola kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kuwongolera mizere yapakati komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma tubers obiriwira. Popanda njira yoyendera, zidzakhala zovuta kulima mbewu zabwino.
Mtengo wa feteleza wa mchere ndi zinthu zoteteza mankhwala zawonjezeka kwambiri. Popeza tidagula zida zodzitetezera chaka chatsopano chisanafike, komanso tikadali ndi masheya kuyambira mu 2021, famu yathu ya anthu wamba sikhala ndi vuto lililonse ndi mankhwala nyengo ino. Koma palinso zovuta zina.
Zida zokolola mbatata ndi kumera masamba pafamu yathu ya anthu wamba zimatumizidwa kunja. Tikatha kukolola, nthawi yomweyo timayamba kukonza. Mtengo wokonza wokolola mbatata mu Novembala-December udakwana ma ruble 1,2 miliyoni, mtengo wakukumba mipeni panthawiyi udakwera kawiri kapena katatu.
Ndipo chilengedwe chikuthandizira: chiyambi cha nyengo yobzala chayimitsidwa pano. Mu 2021, tidabzala tirigu wamasika pa Marichi 29. Chaka chino, Mulungu aletse, ine ndikhoza kufesa chinachake Pasaka isanafike. Tsopano tatero (kuyambira 11.04 - kuchokera kwa mkonzi) mvula, kuzizira ndi matope m'minda. Zikuwonekeratu kuti mbatata zaku Kursk zidzagulitsidwa mochedwa kuposa masiku onse.
Kumbali ina, ziribe kanthu momwe nyengo ikukhalira m'madera, Russia ndi dziko lalikulu, tidzakolola zokolola. Anthu aku Russia adzapatsidwa mbatata ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
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