Zikuwoneka kuti mbatata ndi chomera chopanda ulemu, chopanda ulemu, chimamera chokha, dzuwa limayendetsa, mvula imatsanulira, pafupifupi palibe kutengapo gawo kwa munthu. Ngati izi ndi zoona, ndi zoona pang'ono. Mbatata amalabadira zonse zaulimi, amafunikira kuthirira zomveka. Ndipo palibe chifukwa chofotokozera kufunika kotetezedwa ku Colorado mbatata kachilomboka. Tiye tikambirane za momwe tingakulire mbatata, chifukwa kukolola kwakukulu kumapangidwa ndi anthu.
Makamaka alimi achitsanzo chabwino a mbatata ndi okonda mbatata amayamba kusamalira mbatata, makamaka ngati sanabzalidwe m'munda, koma m'munda wamaluwa, pomwe sanadzuke. Asanayambe kumera, kumasula kumachitika kamodzi kapena kawiri kuti awononge udzu womwe umawonekera pamaso pa mbatata. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuwononga nthaka kutumphuka. Zikuwonekeratu kuti iyi ndiye njira yabwino yosamalira.
Koma mphukira zikawoneka, m'pofunika kumasula ndi spud. Nthawi yoyamba izi ziyenera kuchitika pamene zomera zifika kutalika kwa masentimita 12-15. Pambuyo pomasula, ndi bwino kuthirira chiwembu cha mbatata. Kukwera kwachiwiri kutha kuchitika patatha masiku 20 kuchokera koyamba.
Kuthirira kumathandiza kwambiri kupeza zokolola zambiri za mbatata. Kuthirira kuyenera kukhala kosowa, kochuluka kunyowetsa nthaka mpaka kuya kwa masentimita 40-50. Madzi 3-5 nthawi ndi nthawi ya masiku 7-10. Ngati kuthirira kumakhala kovuta chifukwa cha madzi osawerengeka kapena osakhala mwadongosolo mu ulimi wamaluwa, ndiye kuti m'pofunika kusintha ndi kuthirira katatu: mutatha kumera, panthawi yophukira komanso mutatha maluwa.
Kupaka pamwamba
Kuvala pamwamba kuyenera kuchitidwa nthawi zitatu zofanana. Pa 10m2 muyenera kupanga 3-5 kg ya manyowa ovunda kapena 2 kg ya ndowe za mbalame. Ngati palibe feteleza wachilengedwe, mutha kupanga 100-150 g wa ammonium sulfate kapena 80-100 g wa ammonium nitrate ndi 150-200 g wa superphosphate. M'madera osathirira, zomera zimadyetsedwa mvula ikagwa. Pachiwembu chaumwini, feteleza wamchere ayenera kuthiridwa mwachindunji pamzere kapena dzenje, apo ayi udzu m'mipata udzalandira chakudya.
Mbatata zoyamba zimakololedwa pamene ma tubers amafika kukula kwa 3 cm kukula kwake (ndi dzira la nkhuku). Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri pamene maluwa amatha ndipo masamba amayamba kusanduka achikasu. Tchire za mbatata zimachepetsedwa mosamala ndi foloko yamunda pambali pa phirilo kuti zisawononge mbewu, chitsamba chimakokedwa ndi nsonga ndipo ma tubers amachotsedwa.
Chitetezo cha Colorado mbatata kachilomboka
Aliyense amene wapeza "munda" wa mbatata ayenera kukumbukira kuti chisamaliro chachilimwe sichimangokhalira kukwera kwanthawi yake, kupalira, komanso kutetezedwa ku tizirombo. Woyamba wa iwo ndi Colorado mbatata kachilomboka. Chachikulu ndichakuti musaphonye mphindi yomwe mazira a Colorado mbatata kachilomboka ayamba kuikira. Tizilombo zoyamba zikangopezeka pamalowo, ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa mkati mwa masiku asanu mosalephera. Ndiyeno sonkhanitsani nthawi zambiri momwe mungathere.
Ngati sizingatheke kuyendera malowa nthawi zonse ndikusonkhanitsa kafadala panthawi yake kuti asakhale ndi nthawi yowononga zomera, ndiye kuti ndizomveka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikusiya kudandaula za zokolola zamtsogolo.
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yopangira kachilomboka ndi pakati pa June, chabwino, mpaka zaka khumi za mweziwo. Ndiye simukuyenera kukonza mu Julayi. Izi zidzakhala ndi phindu pachitetezo chazinthu, chifukwa pofika nthawi yokolola (masiku 60-80 mutatha kukonza), sipadzakhalanso zotsalira za mankhwala mu mbatata. Ndi chiwembu chokhazikika chamankhwala, masiku 40 - 45 okha ndi omwe atsala asanakolole.
Nthawi zonse, mankhwala motsutsana Colorado mbatata kachilomboka ayenera pamodzi ndi foliar kudya.
M'zaka zozizira, polimbana ndi kachilomboka, mutha kudziletsa ku bioprotection - Bitoxibacillin, Fitosporin ndi ena.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zokonzekera zilizonse, muyenera kuwerenga mosamala malangizo omwe ali pa phukusi ndikutsatira malangizo a wopanga.
Source: http://altapress.ru