Lemba: Natalia Korotchenko (Astrakhan)
M'minda ya Astrakhan, kukolola mbatata zoyambilira kwayamba kale, tomato, belu tsabola, kabichi zipita tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo palibe wokolola ... Alimi akumaloko sanathe kuthana ndi njira yatsopano yolowetsera anthu osamukira kumayiko ena, ndipo, m'zaka zaposachedwa, anali kufesa ndikukolola m'manja.
"Pa Januware 25, ndidalemba fomu yofunsira ku Work in Russia, ndipo ndidalemba mndandanda wa anthu ogwira ntchito, aliyense amene wabwera kwa ine zaka khumi izi," a Elena Denisova, omwe amalima mbatata m'boma la Kharabalinsky, adauza RG. - Mu Meyi, adandiimbira foni kuchokera ku Uzbekistan, adati kuyenda ndi ndege zokha, ndipo pamodzi ndi ntchito zolembetsa, msewu wa aliyense wosamukira kumayiko ena ungandilipire ndalama zokwana $ 500. Ndipo izi zangokhala ku Moscow. Koma kale, kwa ma ruble 8, adabwera kwa ife mwachindunji kudera la Astrakhan.
Wabizinesiyo adalephera kupeza chifukwa chomwe antchito sangathe kubweretsedwa ndi njanji, komanso kupititsa patsogolo nkhani zolembetsa anthu othawa kwawo. Malinga ndi malamulo atsopanowa okopa anthu osamukira kuntchito, olemba anzawo ntchito agwirizana mgwirizano ndi nthumwi zakunja, ndikupereka zikalata zambiri zachitetezo - kuchokera pazithunzi zakuntchito ndi nyumba mpaka kukakamiza kupatsa ogwira ntchito chakudya katatu patsiku ndi mayendedwe kupita kwawo atangomaliza kumene ntchito. Koma anthu othawa kwawo sakufuna kubwerera mwachangu.
- Anakhala chaka chatha chonse kunyumba chifukwa chobindikiritsidwa. Ndipo amavomereza kwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwachindunji kwa ife. Pakakhala kuti palibe ntchito yaulimi, amakhala okonzekera ina iliyonse, - watero mlimi Grigory Kambur.
Kulemberana makalata ndi madipatimenti akunja ndi alimi a Astrakhan kudapitilira mpaka Juni 12. Pakadali pano, mbatata zakucha, ndipo alimi, pangozi yawo komanso pachiwopsezo, adangotumiza ndalama mwachindunji kwa osamukira kudziko la Tashkent-Moscow pa mawu awo aulemu kuti abwera ku Astrakhan. Atagula okha matikiti, alendo ali ndi ufulu wosankha mtundu uliwonse wa ntchito ku Russia, atalowa nawo m'kaundula wosamukira kudziko lina. Osachepera kumata zojambulazo.
"Ineyo ndi anansi anga onse tachepetsa kale kubzala ndi 20 peresenti, ndipo tsopano tili ndi nkhawa kuti sitingathe kukolola mbewu zonse," akutero Elena Denisova.
Anakwanitsa kubweretsa antchito khumi mwa 55 omwe anali ofunikira. Choyamba, mitengo ikuluma, tikiti ya ndege imawononga ma ruble 42, ndipo chachiwiri, ndege zikadzaza, chifukwa ino ndi nyengo.
"Kwa zaka ziwiri zapitazi ndimayesetsa kukhala opanda osamukira, zakhala zovuta kupeza," atero a Evgeny Anufriev, mlimi waku dera la Volga. - Ndimangokopa anthu am'deralo, koma ndinali ndi mwayi pankhaniyi, chifukwa ndimagwira ntchito pafupi ndi mzindawu.
Zotsatira zake, opanga ulimi amalosera za kukwera kwa mitengo yazogulitsa. Malinga ndi Astrakhanstat, kale mu Meyi, mbatata ndi kabichi zidakwera pamtengo ndi 15%, anyezi - mwa 16,6%. Ministry of Agriculture ya m'derali inanena kuti ndizotheka kutumiza osamukawo pa sitima pokhapokha ngati agwirizana ndi mayiko akunja, atakwaniritsa mfundo zonse za malamulo atsopanowa, omwe alimi adakumana ndi zovuta. Zotsatira zake, mwa 10,5 zikwi osamukira kudera lofunikira, zikwi zitatu zokha ndiomwe afika pano.
- Pali lamulo la boma la Russia N 635-r, lomwe limafotokoza momveka bwino kuti nzika za CIS, kuphatikiza Uzbekistan, zitha kulowa zokha, koma ndi ndege basi, "idatero dipatimentiyi. - Chifukwa chake, amagwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe apandege, ngakhale ndiokwera mtengo. Zatheka kulembetsa ogwira ntchito kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi, ndipo tsopano nyengo ili mkati, ndipo alimi, zachidziwikire, alibe nthawi yolemba zikalata zambiri. Komabe, ngati kumayambiriro kwa chaka kunalibe mwayi wolowetsa alendo othawa kwawo, tsopano ayamba kuwonekera.
Comments
Olga Lebedinskaya, Pulofesa Wothandizira, Dipatimenti Yachiwerengero, Russian University of Economics yotchedwa G.V. Plekhanov:
- Pogwira ntchito mu 2021 mdziko lonselo, pafupifupi 38,2 zikwi zakunja omwe akusowa amafunika. Chosowa chachikulu kwambiri ndikumadera a Volgograd ndi Astrakhan, komwe masamba amapangidwako mwachizolowezi: kumeneko, owonjezera 22,3 ogwira ntchito zakunja amafunikira pantchito yanyengo (iyi ndi 58,4% yazomwe amafunikira).
Kuti ayitane munthu wosamukira kudziko lina, mlimi ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zambiri, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda ntchito: pamakhala zoletsa kuchuluka kwa ogwira ntchito komanso chiwongola dzanja cha pachaka.
Malinga ndi a agrarians omwe, kusapezeka kwa chisankho pankhaniyi kumatha kubweretsa kuchepa kwa ntchito mpaka 70%.
Njira yothetsera vuto pano ingakhale yosavuta - kuchepetsa zofunikira kwa olemba anzawo ntchito malinga ndi "Algorithm yokopa anthu akunja", mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa ndalama zamakampani kapena kuchuluka kwa ogwira ntchito.
Yulia Ogloblina, Wapampando wa Commission of the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation for the Development of the Agro-Industrial Complex and Rural Areas:
- Vutoli ndilolimba, koma zikuwoneka kwa ine kuti tsopano kungakhale kulakwitsa kuchotsa mwachangu zoletsa zoyitanitsa alendo. Komabe, pochita izi tithandizira chuma chakunja, osati chathu: ogwira ntchito ochokera kumayiko ena amalandira ndalama pano, koma amawononga ndalama zambiri m'maiko awo. Ndikuganiza kuti ndizotheka kuthana ndi kufunika kwa ogwira ntchito munyengo zopezera anthu aku Russia omwe sagwira ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, ulova wakula mchaka chatha, ndipo boma likukakamizika kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama kuthana nalo. Tikufuna kampeni yodziwitsa anthu zambiri komanso kuthandizira boma, makamaka kwa mabungwe ang'onoang'ono azaulimi. Amafuna kuthandizidwa kukonza njira yokopa anthu, ngati kuli kofunikira - maphunziro, kusuntha, malo ogona, chakudya.